Ulwazi lwekhabhoni olusebenzayo

Ulwazi lwekhabhoni olusebenzayo

Iziseko zekhabhoni esebenzayo

Usenokungazi lukhulu malunga namalahle acushiwe. Zeziphi iindidi zekhabhoni esebenzayo, kwaye yintoni imiphumo yayo nganye?

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yinto eqhelekileyo eyenziwe ngumntu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-carbon molecular sieve. Ukususela ekufikeni kwayo kwikhulu leminyaka edlulileyo, intsimi yesicelo sekhabhoni esebenzayo iye yanda, kwaye inani lezicelo liye landa. Ngenxa yemithombo eyahlukeneyo yezinto eziluhlaza, iindlela zokuvelisa, imilo yembonakalo kunye nezihlandlo zokusetyenziswa, kukho iindidi ezininzi zekhabhoni esebenzayo, akukho zibalo ezichanekileyo zezinto eziphathekayo, kukho malunga namawaka eentlobo.

Indlela yokuhlela yekhabhoni esebenzayo: ngokokuhlelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ngokokuhlelwa kwemilo, ngokuhlelwa kokusetyenziswa.

Ukuhlelwa kwezinto zekhabhoni esebenzayo

1, iqokobhe lekhokhonathi ikhabhoni

Iqokobhe leCoconut lisebenze ikhabhoni evela eHainan, eSoutheast Asia kunye nezinye iindawo ezikumgangatho ophezulu wecoconut iqokobhe njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, izinto ezikrwada ngokuhlolwa, i-carbonization yomphunga emva kokucocwa kokucocwa, emva koko ngokususwa kobumdaka, ukukhangela ukusebenza kunye nolunye uthotho lweenkqubo ezenziweyo. Iqokobhe leCoconut esebenzayo ikhabhoni yigranular emnyama, enesakhiwo sepore esiphuhlisiwe, umthamo ophezulu we-adsorption, amandla aphezulu, iipropathi zekhemikhali ezizinzileyo, ezihlala ixesha elide.

2, iqokobhe leziqhamo ikhabhoni

Iqokobhe leziqhamo lekhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza ikakhulu ngamaqokobhe eziqhamo kunye neetshiphusi zomthi njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, ngokusebenzisa i-carbonisation, i-activation, ukulungiswa kunye nokulungiswa. Ineempawu zendawo enkulu yendawo ethile, amandla aphezulu, ubungakanani bamasuntswana afanayo, ubume bepore obuphuhlisiwe kunye nokusebenza okunamandla kwe-adsorption. Iyakwazi ukuthengisa ngokufanelekileyo iklorini yasimahla, i-phenol, isulfure, ioyile, intlaka, iintsalela zezibulali zinambuzane emanzini, kwaye igqibezele ukubuyiswa kwezinye izinto ezingcolisa indalo kunye nezinyibilikisi zendalo. Isebenza kumachiza, i-petrochemical, iswekile, isiselo, ishishini lokucoca utywala, ukuchithwa kwe-solvents yezinto eziphilayo, ukucocwa, ukucocwa kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka.

Iqokobhe leziqhamo icarbon activated lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kucociso olunzulu lwamanzi okusela, amanzi emizi-mveliso namanzi amdaka kwakunye neeprojekthi zokucoca ubomi kunye nemizi-mveliso.

3,Ikhabhoni eyenziwe ngomthi

Ikhabhoni yomthi yenziwe ngamaplanga akumgangatho ophezulu, okwimo yomgubo, kwaye isulungekiswe ngubushushu obuphezulu be-carbonisation, i-activation kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezininzi ukuze zibe ngumthi owenziwe ngekhabhoni. Ineempawu zommandla omkhulu ocacileyo, umsebenzi ophezulu, uphuhliso lwemicroporous, amandla ombala oqinileyo, ubume bepore enkulu, njl.

4, ikhabhoni yamalahle

Amalahle amalahle asulungekiswa ngokukhetha umgangatho ophezulu we-anthracite njengento eluhlaza, enemilo yekholomu, i-granule, umgubo, i-honeycomb, i-sphere, njl. kunye nokwakhiwa kakuhle kwepore.Ubungakanani bayo bepore buphakathi kweqokobhe lekhokhonathi esebenzayo kunye nekhabhoni eyenziwe ngomthi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ekucoceni umoya ophezulu, ukucocwa kwegesi yenkunkuma, ukucocwa kwamanzi aphezulu, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kunye nokunye.

Ukuhlelwa kwemilo yenkangeleko yekhabhoni esebenzayo

1.Ikhabhoni eyenziwe ngumgubo

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo enobungakanani besuntswana elingaphantsi kwe-0.175mm ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yipowdered activated carbon or powdered carbon. Ikhabhoni yomgubo ineenzuzo zokubhengeza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo komthamo we-adsorption xa isetyenziswa, kodwa ifuna iindlela zokwahlulwa kobunini.

Ngokuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji yokwahlula kunye nokuvela kweemfuno ezithile zesicelo, kukho ukuthambekela kokuba ubungakanani be-particle ye-carbon powder ibe yinto ephuculweyo ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye ngezinye izihlandlo ifikelele kwi-micron okanye kwinqanaba le-nanometer.

2, igranular carbon activated

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo enobungakanani besuntswana elikhulu kune-0.175mm idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yigranular activated carbon. Indeterminate granular activated carbon is generally made from granular raw materials through carbonisation, activation, and then crushed and sieved to the required particle size, okanye inokwenziwa kwipowder activated carbon ngokudibanisa izibophelelo ezifanelekileyo ngokucocwa ngokufanelekileyo.

I-3, i-cylindrical activated carbon

I-Cylindrical activated carbon, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-columnar carbon, ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwa kwizinto eziluhlaza ezinomgubo kunye ne-binder ngokuxuba kunye nokuxova, ukubunjwa kwe-extrusion kunye ne-carbonisation, i-activation kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Ikhabhoni eyenziwe ngumgubo ene-binder nayo inokukhutshelwa. Kukho ikhabhoni eyomeleleyo kunye negobolondo yekholomu, ikhabhoni yekholomu engenanto yikholomu yekholomu enekhabhoni eyenziweyo okanye imingxunya emininzi eqhelekileyo.

4, ikhabhoni esebenzayo engqukuva

I-Spherical activated carbon, njengoko igama libonisa, yigadi-spherical activated carbon, eveliswa ngendlela efanayo kwi-columnar carbon, kodwa ngenkqubo yokwenza ibhola. i-carbonisation kunye ne-activation, okanye inokwenziwa kwikhabhoni eyenziwe ngumgubo efakwe kwi-binder ibe ziibhola. I-Spherical activated carbon inokwahlulwa ibe yikharbhoni eqinileyo nengqukuva esebenzayo.

5, ezinye iimilo zekhabhoni esebenzayo

Ukongeza kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili zekhabhoni eyenziwe ngumgubo kunye negranular yekhabhoni esebenzayo, ezinye iimilo zekhabhoni esebenzayo zikwakhona, njengefayibha yekhabhoni esebenzayo, ingubo yefayibha yekhabhoni esebenzayo, ilaphu lekhabhoni elisebenzayo, ikhabhoni yobusi, iiphaneli zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo njalo njalo.

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo ihlelwa ngokusetyenziswa

1.I-coal-based granular activated carbon ye-solvent recovery

I-coal granular activated carbon ye-solvent recovery yenziwe ngamalahle endalo akumgangatho ophezulu kwaye asulungekiswe yindlela yokuvula umzimba. I-granular emnyama, ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayinavumba, kunye neepores eziphuhliswe kakuhle, ukuhanjiswa okufanelekileyo kweentlobo ezintathu ze-pores, kunye nomthamo oqinileyo we-adsorption. ukubuyisela i-organic solvent ye-benzene, i-xylene, i-ether, i-ethanol, i-acetone, i-petroli, i-trichloromethane, i-tetrachloromethane njalo njalo.

2.Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yokucoca amanzi

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yokucocwa kwamanzi yenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu zendalo (amalahle, iinkuni, amaqokobhe eziqhamo, njl.njl.) kwaye icocwe ngendlela yokuvula ngokwasemzimbeni. I-granular emnyama (okanye umgubo), ayinayo ityhefu kwaye ayinavumba, kunye nenzuzo yomthamo oqinileyo we-adsorption kunye nesantya sokuhluza ngokukhawuleza. ukucocwa kwamanzi okusela kunye nokuphelisa ivumba nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka akwimizi-mveliso, ilindle kunye nomgangatho wamanzi amdaka emilanjeni, kunye nokuphuculwa okunzulu.

3.Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yokucoca umoya

Ikhabhoni esebenzayo yokuhlanjululwa komoya yenziwe ngamalahle akumgangatho ophezulu kwaye icocwe ngendlela yokwenza i-catalytic activation. Ngamasuntswana amnyama e-columnari, angenatyhefu kwaye angenavumba, anamandla adsorption anamandla kunye ne-desorption elula, njl.njl. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-gas-phase adsorption yokubuyisela i-solvent, ukuhlanjululwa kwegesi yangaphakathi, unyango lwegesi yenkunkuma yezoshishino, ukucocwa kwegesi ye-flue kunye negesi enetyhefu. ukhuselo.

I-4, i-desulfurization nge-coal granular activated carbon

I-coal granular activated carbon ye-desulphurisation yenziwe ngamalahle endalo asemgangathweni ophezulu, ahlanjululwe ngendlela yokuvula umzimba, i-granular emnyama, i-non-toxic kunye nevumba, kunye nomthamo omkhulu wesulfure, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-desulphurisation, amandla omatshini alungileyo, ukuchasana nokungena okuphantsi kunye nokulula ukuvuselela. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-gas desulphurisation kwizityalo zamandla obushushu, iikhemikhali zepetroli, igesi yamalahle, igesi yendalo njalo njalo.

I-5, i-desulfurization ecocekileyo eyenziwe ngekhabhoni

I-fine desulphurisation activated carbon yenziwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu ye-columnar activated carbon as carrier, elayishwe nge-catalyst ekhethekileyo kunye ne-catalytic additives, yomisiwe, ihlolwe kwaye yapakishwa kwiqondo lokushisa elichanekileyo kunye nesigaba segesi esichanekileyo.

Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-ammonia, i-methanol, i-methane, i-carbon dioxide yokutya, i-polypropylene kunye nezinye iinkqubo zemveliso kwi-desulphurisation ecocekileyo, kodwa kunye negesi, igesi yendalo, i-hydrogen, i-ammonia kunye nezinye iigesi ezicociweyo ze-dechlorination, i-desulphurisation.

I-6, i-granular yokukhusela i-activated carbon

Ikhabhoni yegranular esebenzayo yokhuseleko yenziwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ekrwada (amalahle, amaqokobhe eziqhamo), kunye nekhabhoni yegranular ecudisiweyo esulungekiswe yinkqubo yokwenziwa komzimba isetyenziswa njengomthwali, kwaye ikhabhoni esebenzayo yenziwa zizixhobo zenkqubo ephambili kwaye ilawulwa ngokungqongqo inkqubo ekhethekileyo. iimeko. Ukuhanjiswa okunengqiqo kwe-aperture, amandla aphezulu abrasion, asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-phosgene synthesis, i-PVC synthesis, i-vinyl acetate synthesis kunye nezinye iiprojekthi, kunye nokukhusela okusebenzayo kwi-ammonia, i-hydrogen sulphide, i-sulfur dioxide, i-carbon monoxide, i-hydrocyanic acid, i-phosgene, i-benzene series of izinto kunye nolunye ukhuseleko lwegesi eyityhefu.